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The New Testament
Querying the QM Thesis
Matthew 9:9-17/Mark 2:13-22/Luke 5:27-39
J. P. Holding
Structural Analysis
| Matthew |
And passing-by the Jesus from-there saw man sitting at the tax-office Matthew called and says to-him Follow me And rising-up he-followed him. And happened he having-reclined in the house and behold many tax-collectors and sinners having-come were-reclining with Jesus and disciples of-him. |
| Mark |
And he-went-out again beside the sea and all the crowd kept coming to-him and he-kept-on-teaching them. And passing-along he-saw Levi son of Alphaeus sitting at the tax-office and says to-him follow me. And rising-up he-followed him. And it-was during the reclining he in the house of-him even many tax-collectors and sinners reclined with Jesus and the disciples of-him; they-were for many and they-followed him. |
| Luke |
And after these he-went-out and saw a tax-collector by-name Levi sitting at the tax-office and said to-him Follow me. And leaving all rising-up he-followed him. And made feast great Levi for-him in the house of-him and was crowd tax-collectors large and others who were with them reclining. |
Peter again through Mark adds an eyewitness touch (many followed) which looks to have been picked up by Luke not by direct copying but note-taking.
| Matthew |
And seeing the Pharisees said to-the disciples of-him Why with the tax-collectors and sinners eats the teacher of-you? the And Jesus hearing he-said to-them Not need have ones being-strong of-a-healer, but those illness having. |
| Mark |
And the scribes and the Pharisees seeing him eating with the tax-collectors and sinners said to-the disciples of-him Why that with the tax-collectors and sinners does-he-eat and drink? And hearing the Jesus says to-them Not need have those being-strong of-a-healer, but those badly having |
| Luke |
And murmured the scribes of-them and the Pharisees to the disciples of-him saying Why with tax-collectors and sinners do-you-eat and drink? And answering the Jesus said to them Not need have those being-sound of-a-healer but those badly having |
Luke picks a different Greek word (sound) than Matt and Mark (strong). This could be Luke picking a preferred word from Mark's -- or it could be a sign that any number used Aramaic originals and picked a different word.
| Matthew |
having gone But learn what this-is: mercy I-desire and not sacrifice. not For I-came to-call righteous but sinners to repentance. |
| Mark |
Not I-came to-call righteous-ones but sinners to repentance. |
| Luke |
Not I-have-come to-call righteous-ones but sinners to repentance. |
Matthew adds a didactic OT quote which could be seen under the Q theory as him adding to Mark, or under our theory as him adding it to his Ur-Matthew version.
| Matthew |
Then came-near to-him the disciples John saying Why we and the Pharisees fast much the but disciples of-you not do-fast? And said to-them the Jesus Not are-able the sons of bridechamber to-mourn as long-as with them is the bridegroom? will-come But days when will-have-been-taken from them the bridegroom, and then they-will-fast. |
| Mark |
And were the disciples John and those of Pharisees fasting and they-come and say to-him Why-do the disciples John and those of Pharisees fast the but of you disciples not do-fast? And said to-them the Jesus Not are-able the sons of bridechamber while the bridegroom with them is to-fast> What time with them they-have the bridegroom with them is to-fast. will-come But days when will-be-taken from them the bridegroom and then they-will-fast in those the days. |
| Luke |
they But said to him Why the disciples John fast often and prayers make likewise and those of the Pharisees those but to you eat and drink? he But said to them Not-are-able the sons of the bridechamber while the groom with them is to-make to-fast? will-come But days and when is-taken-away from them the bridegroom then they-will-fast in those the days. |
Marcan priority theorists might be hard pressed to explain why, given Matthew's obvious dislike for Pharisees, he did not copy Mark's version which implies that the Pharisees, too, came, giving Jesus another chance to nail them. Styler [Bell.2S, 70] explains this away as Matthew "misunderstanding" Mark and changing the accusers from the Pharisees to John, but he erroneously sees Matthew making the Pharisees part of the querying party. Mark makes it clear Pharisees are not asking when he has the questioners say, "those of the Pharisees."
| Matthew |
no one But puts patch of-cloth unfulled on a garment old takes-away for the fullness of-it from the garment and worse tear occurs. Neither do-they-put wine new into wineskins old; otherwise are-burst the wineskins and the wine pours-out and the wineskins will-be-ruined. But they-put wine new into wineskins fresh and both are-preserved-together. |
| Mark |
And no-one patch of cloth unfulled sews on garment old otherwise takes-away the fullness of-it the new from-the old and worse tear occurs. And no-one puts wine new into wineskins old otherwise burst the wine new the wineskins and the wine pours-out and the wineskins will-be-destroyed, but wine new into wineskins fresh is-to-be-put. |
| Luke |
He-told And also parable to-them. No-one patch of cloth new puts on garment old otherwise both the new will-tear and with the-old not will-agree patch from the new. And no-one puts wine new into wineskins old otherwise will-burst the new wine the wineskins and it will be poured-out and the wineskins will-perish. But wine new into wineskins fresh is-to-be-put and both are-preserved-together. And no-one-drinking old at-once desires new; he-says for The old better is. |
The differences of Luke from Mark, and that Luke preserves Mark's comment, points to Q for some but for us to Ur-Matthew and independent translations from Aramaic.
Ur-Matthew Reconstruction
And after these he-went-out and saw a tax-collector by-name Levi sitting at the tax-office and said to-him Follow me. And leaving all rising-up he-followed him. And happened he having-reclined in the house and behold many tax-collectors and sinners having-come were-reclining with Jesus and disciples of-him. And seeing the Pharisees said to-the disciples of-him Why with the tax-collectors and sinners eats the teacher of-you? the And Jesus hearing he-said to-them Not need have ones being-strong of-a-healer, but those illness having. Not I-have-come to-call righteous-ones but sinners to repentance. Then came-near to-him the disciples John saying Why we and the Pharisees fast much the but disciples of-you not do-fast? And said to-them the Jesus Not are-able the sons of bridechamber to-mourn as long-as with them is the bridegroom? will-come But days when will-have-been-taken from them the bridegroom, and then they-will-fast. no one But puts patch of-cloth unfulled on a garment old takes-away for the fullness of-it from the garment and worse tear occurs. Neither do-they-put wine new into wineskins old; otherwise are-burst the wineskins and the wine pours-out and the wineskins will-be-ruined. But they-put wine new into wineskins fresh and both are-preserved-together. And no-one-drinking old at-once desires new; he-says for The old better is.
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